1 Kings 17:1-5

1 Kings 17:1
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אֵלִיָּהוּ	אֵלִיָּהוּ: Elijahu noun, proper name  Can you translate the components of this name?
הַ	ה: the particle, article
תִּשְׁבִּי	תִּשְׁבִּי: Tishbite noun, proper name
מִ	מִן: from particle, preposition
תֹּשָׁבֵי	תּוֹשָׁב: temporary resident guest noun, common, masculine, plural, construct  One way to read this word is as a gentilic (22.5). The KJV translates it this way “Tishbite”. Another way is to read the word as a variant of the noun bv'AT sojourner.
גִלְעָד	גִּלְעָד: Gilead Gilead family of the territory of Gad noun, proper name
אֶל־	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
חַי־	חַי: living adjective, masculine, singular
יְהוָה	יהוה: Yahweh noun, proper name  hw"hy>-yx; This phrase introduces an oath formula. The formula consists of three parts: The deity by whom the person is swearing, which here is laer'f.yI yhel{a/ hw"hy Then a clause will be introduced by ~ai which is understood as a negative, even though a negative particle as such doesn’t appear: ie. That such-and-such-won’t-happen. ~ai yKi begins the third clause and is translatted as but, except, unless. An oath formula can consist of only the first two components, but usually you will see all three. It exists mostly in 1 Kings. Here we have a particularly full and complete example.
אֱלֹהֵי	אֱלֹהִים: God noun, common, masculine, plural, construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל	יִשְׂרָאֵל: Israel noun, proper name
אֲשֶׁר	אֲשֶׁר: which, that particle, relative
עָמַדְתִּי	עמד: take one’s stand, stand verb, qal, affix, first person, common, singular  In direct speech the affix form of the verb is sometimes used even though the action is taking place in the present.
לְ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
פָנָיו	פָּנֶה: face noun, common, feminine and masculine, plural, construct with third person, masculine, singular suffix
אִם־	אִם: if particle, adverb
יִהְיֶה	היה: to be verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular
הַ	ה: the particle, article
שָּׁנִים	שָׁנָה: year noun, common, feminine, plural
הָ	ה: the particle, article
אֵלֶּה	אֵלֶּה: these adjective, common, plural
טַל	טַל: dew noun, common, masculine, singular  This can be found under the root llj Two letter nouns are usually formed from geminate or hollow roots.
וּ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
מָטָר	מָטָר: rain noun, common, masculine, singular  The m is not a preformative here. It is actually part of the root. Hebrew has many words for rain, each having to do with the season in which it falls and the type of rain that it is. rj"m' is the most general term for rain. lj; is very fine rain, like a mist or dew. ~v,G< is heavy rain. The early, light rain is hr<Ay and the latter, heavier rain is vAql.m;
כִּי	כִּי: surely, that particle, conjunction
אִם־	אִם: if particle, adverb
לְ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
פִי	פֶּה: mouth noun, common, masculine, singular, construct  ypil. Three letters and only one is part of the rooot! What root letter have you seen which falls off before a suffix can be added? That happens with nouns as well as verbs. The root here can be found in the dictionary as a two letter word. But even easier than that, it is a vocabulary word.
דְבָרִי	דָּבָר: speak noun, common, masculine, singular, construct with first person, common, singular suffix
ס	ס paragraph marker or nun
1 Kings 17:2
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יְהִי	היה: to be verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
דְבַר־	דָּבָר: speak noun, common, masculine, singular, construct
יְהוָה	יהוה: Yahweh noun, proper name
אֵלָיו	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition with third person, masculine, singular suffix  wyl'îae hwhy-rb;d> Such a phrase is often seen in the prophets. It can be read as a noun sentencce but the verb came is often used instead of was to make it flow better in English. It is grammatically possible that yhiy>w: is the verb for this phrase, but stylistically unlikely.
לֵ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
אמֹר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, infinitive construct
1 Kings 17:3
לֵךְ	הלךְ: go, walk verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
מִ	מִן: from particle, preposition
זֶּה	זֶה: this, here adjective, masculine, singular  hz< is being used as a substantive adjective.
וּ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
פָנִיתָ	פּנה: turn verb, qal, affix, second person, masculine, singular
לְּךָ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition with second person, masculine, singular suffix  ^L. t'ynIp'W …%lE The sequence here: imperative followed by affix + vav reversive gives the affix form imperative force. (See T'êb.h;a'äw> …lae_r'f.yI [m;Þv. Dt.6:4-5). ^L. used precisely this way appears in ^l.-%l, (Gen.22:2).
קֵדְמָה	קֵדֶם: eastward to, toward the East particle, adverb, directional heh ending
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
נִסְתַּרְתָּ	סתר: hide, conceal verb, niphal, affix, second person, masculine, singular  The consonant cluster rts can be extracted from this word to supply the root; that leaves three other elements. w> is vav-reversive. Now you have T' - - - nI Which of these consonants must be the subject pronoun? What will the other one be? The niphal preformative. This verb is still part of the sequence imperative + affix.
בְּ	בּ: in, with, through particle, preposition
נַחַל	נַחַל: get or take as a possession noun, common, masculine, singular  This is a segolate noun (see: The Noun F) but it is pointed with patach instead of segol because of the middle guttural. Gutturals have a propensity for the vowel patach under them, before them, and even after them.
כְּרִית	כְּרִית: Kerith noun, proper name
אֲשֶׁר	אֲשֶׁר: which, that particle, relative
עַל־	עַל: on particle, preposition
פְּנֵי	פָּנֶה: face noun, common, feminine and masculine, plural, construct
הַ	ה: the particle, article
יַּרְדֵּן	יַרְדֵּן: Jordan noun, proper name
1 Kings 17:4
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
הָיָה	היה: to be verb, qal, affix, third person, masculine, singular
מֵ	מִן: from particle, preposition
הַ	ה: the particle, article
נַּחַל	נַחַל: get or take as a possession noun, common, masculine, singular
תִּשְׁתֶּה	שׁתה: drink verb, qal, prefix, second person, masculine, singular  What will you take off to find the root? Does either dagesh represent doubling?
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
אֶת־	אֵת: DDO particle, direct object
הָ	ה: the particle, article
עֹרְבִים	עֹרֵב: raven noun, common, masculine, plural  The root of these word means to become dark, from which we get the translation raven.
צִוִּיתִי	צוה: lay charge give charge charge, command, order verb, piel, affix, first person, common, singular
לְ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
כַלְכֶּלְךָ	כּול: comprehend, contain, nourish, provide verb, pilpel, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix  ^l.K,l.k;l. Remove the preposition and the suffix. You are left with two letters lk which are repeated. Doubling of the two strong consonants is one way that a hollow verb can be intensified because the middle letter, being a vowel letter, cannot be doubled. This stem is called the Pilpel and is a variant of the Piel.
שָׁם	שָׁם: there particle, adverb
1 Kings 17:5
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֵּלֶךְ	הלךְ: go, walk verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv bv,YEw: %l,YEw: …f[;Y:w: %l,YEw: You can translate these verbs literally. Some translators consider %l;h' in front of another verb to be idiomatic, being used to convey a sequence of actions, and they leave it out of the translation. We just don’t know whether %lh used this way is emphatic, stylistic, idiomatic, or colloquial.
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יַּעַשׂ	עשׂה: do be done be done make be made be made made cause work do assign gain verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
כִּ	כּ: the like of, like, as before particle, preposition
דְבַר	דָּבָר: word noun, common, masculine, singular, construct
יְהוָה	יהוה: Yahweh noun, proper name
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֵּלֶךְ	הלךְ: go, walk verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֵּשֶׁב	ישׁב: sit, remain, dwell verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
בְּ	בּ: in, with, through particle, preposition
נַחַל	נַחַל: get or take as a possession noun, common, masculine, singular
כְּרִית	כְּרִית: Kerith noun, proper name
אֲשֶׁר	אֲשֶׁר: which, that particle, relative
עַל־	עַל: on particle, preposition
פְּנֵי	פָּנֶה: before noun, common, feminine and masculine, plural, construct
הַ	ה: the particle, article
יַּרְדֵּן	יַרְדֵּן: Jordan noun, proper name