1 Kings 18:41-46

1 Kings 18:41
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אֵלִיָּהוּ	אֵלִיָּהוּ: Elijahu noun, proper name
לְ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
עֲלֵה	עלה: go up verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
אֱכֹל	אכל: eat, devour verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
וּ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
שְׁתֵה	שׁתה: drink verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular  htev.W lkoa/ hle[] These three verbs have the same form but each has different pointing because of the characteristic of its first root letter.
כִּי־	כִּי: surely, that particle, conjunction
קוֹל	קוֹל: sound, voice noun, common, masculine, singular
הֲמוֹן	הָמוֹן: sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance noun, common, masculine, singular, construct
הַ	ה: the particle, article
גָּשֶׁם	גֶּשֶׁם: rain, shower noun, common, masculine, singular  ~v,G")h; !Amh] lAq-yKi This is a clause because it is introduced by yKi Where is the verb? lAq is a noun. Now look at !Amh] The h can’t be the interrogative h because it is not at the beginning of a phrase. It can’t be the sign of the Hifil because the rest of the pointing does not support a Hifil pattern. !Amh] is a noun in construct, listed as being from the root hmh murmur, growl, roar, even though there is a root !mh meaning rage, be turbulent. The word ~v,G")h; is in pause. If pointed regularly, it would read ~v,G<h; in which case, of course, you would immediately recognise it as a segolate noun. This whole clause is a noun sentence and so a form of the verb to be has to be inserted in the translation. Usually the verb is put between two nouns, but here an impersonal there is can function as the verb if inserted after yKi Other creative solutions are possible.
1 Kings 18:42
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יַּעֲלֶה	עלה: go up verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv Taking this verb out of context gives two choices for the form. Putting it in context solves the problem.
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
לֶ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
אֱכֹל	אכל: eat, devour verb, qal, infinitive construct  lkoa/l, Remember 1^st a verbs have more than one pattern.
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
לִ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
שְׁתּוֹת	שׁתה: drink verb, qal, infinitive construct
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
אֵלִיָּהוּ	אֵלִיָּהוּ: Elijahu noun, proper name
עָלָה	עלה: go up verb, qal, affix, third person, masculine, singular
אֶל־	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition
רֹאשׁ	רֹאשׁ: head noun, common, masculine, singular
הַ	ה: the particle, article
כַּרְמֶל	כַּרְמֶל: Carmel noun, proper name
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יִּגְהַר	גּהר: bend, crouch verb, qal, prefix waw, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אַרְצָה	אֶרֶץ: earth, land noun, common, feminine, singular, directional heh ending
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יָּשֶׂם	שׂים: put, place, set verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
פָּנָיו	פָּנֶה: face noun, common, feminine and masculine, plural, construct with third person, masculine, singular suffix
בֵּין	בַּיִן: interval, space between in the interval of, between space between two armies particle, preposition
בִּרְכָּיו	בֶּרֶךְ: knee noun, common, feminine, dual number, construct with third person, masculine, singular suffix
1 Kings 18:43
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אֶל־	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition
נַעֲרוֹ	נַעַר: youth, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct with third person, masculine, singular suffix
עֲלֵה־	עלה: go up verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
נָא	נָא: I (we) pray, now particle, interjection
הַבֵּט	נבט: look verb, hiphil, imperative, masculine, singular  What kind of dagesh is in the b You have to discern its function. As always, it is best to do the easiest thing first. See if jbh is a root. If the dagesh is the footprint of an assimilated letter, what letter is it most likely to be? Under that root, you will see that this verb occurs almost always in one stem.
דֶּרֶךְ־	דֶּרֶךְ: road noun, common, feminine and masculine, singular
יָם	יָם: sea noun, common, masculine, singular  ~y"-%r,D, A literal translation gets the idea across. It may be referring to the major road along the coast which later became known as the Via Maris.
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יַּעַל	עלה: go up verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יַּבֵּט	נבט: look verb, hiphil, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אֵין	אַיִן: no, not, nothing particle, adverb
מְאוּמָה	מְאוּמָה: anything noun, common, masculine, singular  Some identify the root as ~Wa This would allow the assumption that the m is a noun identifier and the h ' the endiNG. Others identify the root as ~am which is where you will probably find it in the dictionary (This word occurs also in Gen.22:12).
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
שֻׁב	שׁוב: turn back, return verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
שֶׁבַע	שֶׁבַע: seven adjective, feminine, singular
פְּעָמִים	פַּעַם: thrust, impel noun, common, feminine, plural
1 Kings 18:44
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יְהִי	היה: to be verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
בַּ	בּ: in, with, through particle, inseparable preposition with article
שְּׁבִעִית	שְׁבִיעִי: seventh adjective, feminine, singular
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv The usual introductory and, then, or but for a vav conversive doesn’t sound right here. That may be better.
הִנֵּה־	הִנֵּה: lo! behold!; particle, interjection
עָב	עָב: cloud noun, common, masculine, singular
קְטַנָּה	קָטֹן: little (finger) adjective, feminine, singular
כְּ	כּ: the like of, like, as before particle, preposition
כַף־	כַּף: hand noun, common, feminine, singular
אִישׁ	אִישׁ: man noun, common, masculine, singular  vyai-@k;K. A phrase further modifying hN"j;q. b['
עֹלָה	עלה: go up verb, qal, participle, feminine, singular
מִ	מִן: from particle, preposition
יָּם	יָם: sea noun, common, masculine, singular  Not to be confused with ~yIm;
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֹּאמֶר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
עֲלֵה	עלה: go up verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
אֱמֹר	אמר: utter, say verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
אֶל־	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
אֱסֹר	אסר: tie, bind verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular
וָ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
רֵד	ירד: come go down, descend verb, qal, imperative, masculine, singular  drew" Context should reveal the form. What kind of w is this?
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
לֹא	לֹא: no, not particle, negative
יַעַצָרְכָה	עצר: restrain, retain verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular with second person, masculine, singular suffix  Obviously too many letters for a root, but three can be nothing else. The ending hk' is a rare emphatic form. Notice the PGN of this verb; it is not the same as that of the two previous two verbs.
הַ	ה: the particle, article
גָּשֶׁם	גֶּשֶׁם: rain, shower noun, common, masculine, singular  ~v,G")h; Can this be the DDO of hk'r>c'[;y: How else might it be related to the verb?
1 Kings 18:45
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יְהִי	היה: to be verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
עַד־	עַד: until particle, preposition
כֹּה	כֹּה: In what manner, thus particle, adverb  hKo-d[;w> hKo-d[; The expression hKo-d[; appears in Gen.22:5 meaning hither. Here it also is functioning as an adverb but has a temporal sense and means now….until, then, or meanwhile.
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
עַד־	עַד: until particle, preposition
כֹּה	כֹּה: In what manner, thus particle, adverb
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
הַ	ה: the particle, article
שָּׁמַיִם	שָׁמַיִם: heaven atmosphere noun, common, masculine, plural
הִתְקַדְּרוּ	קדר: be dark verb, hithpael, affix, third person, common, plural  The t.hi preformative and the doubled middle root letter identify this stem (see: The Verb).
עָבִים	עָב: cloud noun, common, masculine, plural  Hebrew doesn’t need a preposition before this word: English does.
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
רוּחַ	רוּחַ: breath, wind, spirit noun, common, feminine and masculine, singular
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יְהִי	היה: to be verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
גֶּשֶׁם	גֶּשֶׁם: rain, shower noun, common, masculine, singular
גָּדוֹל	גָּדוֹל: great adjective, masculine, singular  lAdG" ~v,G< yhiy>w: For a parallel, including locale, read the story of Deborah and Barak, Judges 4:4-5:28, especially 5:21.
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יִּרְכַּב	רכב: ride chariot verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יֵּלֶךְ	הלךְ: go, walk verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, apocopated ending, vav-conv
יִזְרְעֶאלָה	יִזְרְעֶאל: Jezreel noun, proper name, directional heh ending
1 Kings 18:46
וְ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יַד־	יָד: hand noun, common, feminine, singular, construct
יְהוָה	יהוה: Yahweh noun, proper name
הָיְתָה	היה: to be verb, qal, affix, third person, feminine, singular
אֶל־	אֶל: motion to direction towards particle, preposition  For a discussion of the preposition see ABr>qi-l[; (1 Ki.17:21).
אֵלִיָּהוּ	אֵלִיָּהוּ: Elijahu noun, proper name
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יְשַׁנֵּס	שׁנס: gird up verb, piel, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
מָתְנָיו	מָתְנַיִם: loins noun, common, masculine, dual number, construct with third person, masculine, singular suffix
וַ	ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then particle, conjunction
יָּרָץ	רוץ: run verb, qal, prefix, third person, masculine, singular, vav-conv
לִ	ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to particle, preposition
פְנֵי	פָּנֶה: face, before noun, common, feminine and masculine, plural, construct
אַחְאָב	אַחְאָב: Ahab noun, proper name
עַד־	עַד: until particle, preposition
בֹּאֲכָה	בּוא: come in, come, go in, go verb, qal, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix  hk'a]Bo-d[; The difficulty with hk'Þa]Bo is the h on the end. The h could be thought of as a variant spelling or perhaps a h-directive. The phrase is given several different translations: as far as, to the entrance of, until coming to are some examples.
יִזְרְעֶאלָה	יִזְרְעֶאל: Jezreel noun, proper name, directional heh ending