Deuteronomy 6:6-10

Deuteronomy 6:6

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

הָיוּ

 

היה: be, happen
verb, qal, affix, third person, common, plural 

 

26.5 deals with the root and 37.2 handles in specifically

הַ

 

ה: the
particle, article 

דְּבָרִים

 

דָּבָר: speak
noun, common, masculine, plural 

הָ

 

ה: the
particle, article 

אֵלֶּה

 

אֵלֶּה: these
adjective, common, plural 

 

hL,aeh' ~yrIb'D>h; Referring to the words in Dt.6:4 and 5

אֲשֶׁר

 

אֲשֶׁר: which, that
particle, relative 

אָנֹכִי

 

אָנֹכִי: I
pronoun, first person, common, singular 

מְצַוְּךָ

 

צוה: lay charge give charge charge, command, order
verb, piel, participle, masculine, singular, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

הַ

 

ה: the
particle, article 

יּוֹם

 

יוֹם: day
noun, common, masculine, singular 

 

In addition to its literal translation ~AYh; can be an idiom meaning to-day.

Compare with ~AYh; rmea'yE rv,a] (Gen.22:14).

עַל־

 

עַל: on
particle, preposition 

לְבָבֶךָ

 

לֵבָב: heart
noun, common, masculine, singular, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

Deuteronomy 6:7

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

שִׁנַּנְתָּם

 

שׁנן: whet, sharpen
verb, piel, affix, second person, masculine, singular with third person, masculine, plural suffix 

 

How many ns are in this word? The root is geminate. The subject is you (m.sing). If this were the 2 m. pl. affix form, the subject pronoun would be ~T,

It is true that the addition of a suffix could cause a change in pointing but ~T' at the end of a verb will always be 2 m. sg. affix subject + 3 m. pl. object pronoun. The combination affix form + object suffix will be seen many times in this section. There really isn’t an English word that captures the essence of !nv but inculcate approaches it. Incise is more precise because !nv means sharpen and the noun !ve means tooth.

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

בָנֶיךָ

 

בֵּן: son
noun, common, masculine, plural, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

^yn<b'l. Is the noun singular or plural? Compare with ^n>biW (Deut.6:2).

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

דִבַּרְתָּ

 

דּבר: speak
verb, piel, affix, second person, masculine, singular 

בָּם

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition with third person, masculine, plural suffix 

 

~B' T'r>B;dIw> It is hard to tell whether this is a slightly different use of a verb followed by preposition + suffix as discussed in Lesson 16.7a-b or whether the difference is due to English translation. In any event, the preposition B is sometimes used with verbs of speaking or mentioning to mean about or of.

בְּ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

שִׁבְתְּךָ

 

ישׁב: sit, remain, dwell
verb, qal, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

^T.b.viB. Refer to 35.1 and ^a]yciAhB. (Ex.3:12b) for a discussion of the syntax; see 25.2 for the spelling of the form. In Lesson 35 the subject of the infinitive is a separate word. Here that function is taken up by the pronominal suffix ^ Another difference from the similar construction in Lesson 35 is the tense that would make the most sense in English. Obviously a past tense does not work here.

The verbs in Dt.6:7b constitute two sets of polarities. This is a literary device to mean not only those actions but also everything between them.

בְּ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

בֵיתֶךָ

 

בַּיִת: house
noun, common, masculine, singular, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

בְ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

לֶכְתְּךָ

 

הלךְ: travel, go
verb, qal, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

^T.k.l,b.W This is a repetition of the construction just above. You can start from the inside, with a familiar consonant cluster and work out, or you can go from the ends to the middle. In either case you should end up with four components.

בַ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, inseparable preposition with article 

דֶּרֶךְ

 

דֶּרֶךְ: way, road
noun, common, feminine and masculine, singular 

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

בְ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

שָׁכְבְּךָ

 

שׁכב: lie down
verb, qal, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

בְ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

קוּמֶךָ

 

קום: arise, stand up, stand
verb, qal, infinitive construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

Deuteronomy 6:8

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

קְשַׁרְתָּם

 

קשׁר: conspire, bind
verb, qal, affix, second person, masculine, singular with third person, masculine, plural suffix 

 

~T'r>v;q.W  The components are like those in ~T'n>N:viw>  (Deut.6:7)

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

אוֹת

 

אוֹת: sign
noun, common, feminine and masculine, singular 

 

tAal. Could  tAa be the plene spelling of the DDO marker as in ytiAa  No. The DDO marker takes that form only when a suffix is added and it never takes an attached preposition. tAa is a noun from the root hwa describe with a mark. (Notice that the vocalic w of the root becomes a vowel letter in the noun). 3rd h roots frequently create nouns ending in t

עַל־

 

עַל: on
particle, preposition 

יָדֶךָ

 

יָד: hand
noun, common, feminine, singular, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

^d<y"-l[; What is the usual pointing of ^d<y" (19.5)

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

הָיוּ

 

היה: be, happen
verb, qal, affix, third person, common, plural 

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

טֹטָפֹת

 

טוֹטָפוֹת  : frontlets

noun, common, feminine, plural 

 

tpoj'jol. There are very few Hebrew words which appear to have the same first two root letters. This is one and !yIy: is another. To avoid the embarrassment of accounting for such anomalies, some etymological purists term them “loan words”. The origin and derivation of tpoj'jo are uncertain. Possibilities include tatapu from the Assyrian word for encircle and the Arabic word toof meaning go around. The word might best be left untranslated although frontlets is common English translation. The big question is whether or not these were to be physical tokens or whether this is a figure of speech. Most researchers agree that a physical token was required.

בֵּין

 

בַּיִן: interval, space between in the interval of, between space between two armies
particle, preposition 

עֵינֶיךָ

 

עַיִן: eye
noun, common, feminine, dual number, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

Deuteronomy 6:9

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

כְתַבְתָּם

 

כּתב: write
verb, qal, affix, second person, masculine, singular with third person, masculine, plural suffix 

עַל־

 

עַל: on
particle, preposition 

מְזוּזֹת

 

מְזוּזָה: door-post, gate-post
noun, common, feminine, plural 

 

Generally this word is transliterated or else is given the English term doorpost. It is another word whose origin is not certain. There is a root zWz which means move or rise and so it is possible that the mezzuzah was originally part of a tent.

בֵּיתֶךָ

 

בַּיִת: house
noun, common, masculine, singular, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

This is in pause. The usual spelling of this word is ^t.yBe The plural would be ^yT,B' Plural nouns always have a y before a suffix.

 

         Synopsis of tyIB; and tB;

tyIB;

sg. absolute

tB;

tyBe

sg. construct

tB;

^t.yBe

sg. with suffix

^T.Bi

^t,yBe

sg. with suffix, in pause

^T,Bi

~yTiB'(

pl. absolute

tAnB'

^yT,B'(

pl. with suffix

^yt,noB.

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

בִ

 

בּ: in, with, through
particle, preposition 

שְׁעָרֶיךָ

 

שַׁעַר: gate
noun, common, masculine, plural, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

Presumably of cities

ס

 

ס
paragraph marker or nun 

Deuteronomy 6:10

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

הָיָה

 

היה: be, happen
verb, qal, affix, third person, masculine, singular 

כִּי

 

כִּי: surely, that
particle, conjunction 

יְבִיאֲךָ

 

בּוא: come in, come, go in, go
verb, hiphil, prefix, third person, masculine, singular with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

This verb form looks as if it is sending a mixed message. On the one hand it has shewa under the prefix pronoun, which usually indicates piel stem. But there is no other sign of that stem. It is the suffix which is causing the vowel under the prefix pronoun to shorten from qamets   ' the usual vowel for the prefix pronoun for this kind of verb in this stem, to shewa  . Lesson 29:1 discusses the mid portion of the form.

יְהוָה

 

יהוה: Yahweh
noun, proper name 

אֱלֹהֶיךָ

 

אֱלֹהִים: God
noun, common, masculine, plural, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

אֶל־

 

אֶל: motion to direction towards
particle, preposition 

הָ

 

ה: the
particle, article 

אָרֶץ

 

#r<a,: earth, land
noun, common, feminine, singular 

אֲשֶׁר

 

אֲשֶׁר: which, that
particle, relative 

נִשְׁבַּע

 

שׁבע: swear
verb, niphal, affix, third person, masculine, singular 

 

The n here looks as if it could be the 1 c. pl. prefix pronoun or a Nifal preformative. When you look up this verb you will see that it occurs primarily in one stem.

לַ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

אֲבֹתֶיךָ

 

אָב: father
noun, common, masculine, plural, construct with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

אַבְרָהָם

 

אַבְרָהָם: Abraham
noun, proper name 

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

יִצְחָק

 

יִצְחָק: Isaac
noun, proper name 

וּ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

לְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

יַעֲקֹב

 

יַעֲקֹב: Jacob
noun, proper name 

לָ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition 

תֶת

 

נתן: give
verb, qal, infinitive construct 

 

tt,l' 25.7 But Wait, you should know what irregular verb could present with a double t

לָךְ

 

ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards reference to
particle, preposition with second person, masculine, singular suffix 

 

19.5 remarks on the pointing

עָרִים

 

עִיר: city
noun, common, feminine, plural 

גְּדֹלֹת

 

גָּדוֹל: great
adjective, feminine, plural 

וְ

 

ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so, then
particle, conjunction 

טֹבֹת

 

טוֹב: pleasing, good
adjective, feminine, plural 

 

tbojow> tl{doG> ~yrI[' At first glance it looks as if the adjectives do not agree with the noun but ~yrI[' is irregular. (See: The Noun A). It is interesting that there are some masculine nouns with f. pl. endiNGs such as ba' and feminine nouns with m.pl endiNGs such as ry[i

אֲשֶׁר

 

אֲשֶׁר: which, that
particle, relative 

לֹא־

 

לֹא: no, not
particle, negative 

בָנִיתָ

 

בּנה: build
verb, qal, affix, second person, masculine, singular 

 

26.5 but by now you shouldn’t have to look