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Genesis 37:1 |
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וַ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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יֵּשֶׁב |
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ישׁב: sit, remain, dwell |
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יַעֲקֹב |
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יַעֲקֹב: Jacob |
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בְּ |
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בּ: in, with, through |
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אֶרֶץ |
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אֶרֶץ: earth, land |
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מְגוּרֵי |
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מָגוֹר: sojourning-place, dwelling-place, sojourning yreWgm. The endiNG reveals that you are
looking at what form of the word? If your dictionary does not list this word
under m where would you look next? |
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אָבִיו |
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אָב: father |
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בְּ |
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בּ: in, with, through |
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אֶרֶץ |
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אֶרֶץ: earth, land #r,a,B. Is this word definite or indefinite? |
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כְּנָעַן |
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כְּנַעַן: |
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Genesis 37:2 |
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אֵלֶּה |
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אֵלֶּה: these |
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תֹּלְדוֹת |
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תּוֹלֵדוֹת: generations genealogies = account of a man and
his descendants tAdl.To ŸhL,ae | tAdl.To is from the root dly The whole phrase
is often used when a report of a genealogy is about to begin. But as you read
on you will see that doesn’t happen here. How is hL,ae related to tAdl.To (15.2)? |
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יַעֲקֹב |
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יַעֲקֹב: Jacob |
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יוֹסֵף |
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יוֹסֵף: Joseph Joseph |
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בֶּן־ |
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בֵּן: son |
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שְׁבַע־ |
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שֶׁבַע: seven |
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עֶשְׂרֵה |
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עֶשְׂרֵה: ten |
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שָׁנָה |
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שָׁנָה: year hn"v' href.[,-[b;v.-!B, The idiom for telling someone’s age is a son or daughter of so-and-so-many-a-year. The number is
composed much the same way as we compound it in English. |
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הָיָה |
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היה: be, happen |
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רֹעֶה |
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רעה: pasture |
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אֶת־ |
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אֵת: |
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אֶחָיו |
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אָח: brother wyx'a,-ta, h[,ro
hy"h' The construction looks the same as !aco-ta, h[,ro hy"h' in Ex.3:1, but is it? wyx'a, An unscientific
but practical way to tell the singular from the plural of xa' with a 3 m. sg.
ending is:
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בַּ |
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בּ: in, with, through |
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צֹּאן |
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צֹאן: small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks The individual words from h[,ro to here are not difficult but you may be
having trouble making sense out of them. !aCoB; h[,ro constitutes an idiom
meaning herdsman, and if you put
mental commas around wyx'a,-ta, it will all fall into place. |
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וְ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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הוּא |
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הוּא: it, he |
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נַעַר |
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נַעַר: youth, early life r[;n: aWhw> Another parenthetical remark in the
form of a noun sentence |
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אֶת־ |
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אֵת: |
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בְּנֵי |
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בֵּן: son ynEB.-ta, Again think of the two possibilities for ta, |
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בִלְהָה |
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בִּלְהָה: Bilhah |
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וְ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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אֶת־ |
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אֵת: |
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בְּנֵי |
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בֵּן: son |
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זִלְפָּה |
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זִלְפָּה: Zilpah |
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נְשֵׁי |
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אִשָּׁה: wife This is the construct of an irregular noun (see: The Noun H.) Notice particularly
the m. pl. endiNG on a feminine noun. |
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אָבִיו |
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אָב: father |
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וַ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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יָּבֵא |
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בּוא: come in, come, go in, go abeY"w: You have seen aboY"w: and this form looks as if it comes from the same root. It does indeed! It
is the 3 m. sg. Hifil prefix with vav conversive. The familiar patach is not
under the prefix pronoun (see ~Kev.Y:w: Gen.22:3) because the missing letter
convention takes precedence over the patach rule. Notice that a “dot vowel”
is taking the place of the middle root letter (29.2). |
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יוֹסֵף |
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יוֹסֵף: Joseph Joseph |
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אֶת־ |
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אֵת: |
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דִּבָּתָם |
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דִּבָּה: report slander bad reputation The root of this word is the geminate bbd
If you have difficulty finding the form in the dictionary
review 22.4a. |
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רָעָה |
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רָעָה: evil This word certainly looks like it might be related to h[,ro further back in
the verse, but in this context, it isn’t. It is an adjective from the root [[r You should be
able to see three features that ~t'B'DI and h['r" have in common. |
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אֶל־ |
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אֶל: motion to direction towards |
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אֲבִיהֶם |
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אָב: father |
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Genesis 37:3 |
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וְ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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יִשְׂרָאֵל |
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יִשְׂרָאֵל: |
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אָהַב |
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אהב: love |
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אֶת־ |
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אֵת: |
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יוֹסֵף |
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יוֹסֵף: Joseph Joseph |
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מִ |
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מִן: from |
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כָּל־ |
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כֹּל: all |
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בָּנָיו |
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בֵּן: son wyn"B'-lK'mi @seAy-ta, bh;a'
laer'f.yIw> After translating this
clause, you may decide to use a comparative adverb for lK'mi even
though that does not match a more literal translation. |
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כִּי־ |
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כִּי: surely, that |
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בֶן־ |
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בֵּן: son |
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זְקֻנִים |
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~ynIWqz> : old age A noun in the plural may be
used to express an abstract idea |
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הוּא |
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הוּא: he, it |
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לוֹ |
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ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards
reference to |
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וְ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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עָשָׂה |
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עשׂה: do be done be done make be made be made made
cause work do assign gain |
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לוֹ |
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ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards
reference to Al hf'['w> To treat the verb as an affix plus vav reversive doesn’t work. This may
be a special use of the vav reversive which we saw in Gen.29:3. An affix
followed by an affix plus vav reversive may refer to an action which has been
completed but has been done more than one time. |
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כְּתֹנֶת |
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כֻּתֹּנֶת: tunic |
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פַּסִּים |
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פַּס: palm |
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Genesis 37:4 |
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וַ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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יִּרְאוּ |
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ראה: seeing |
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אֶחָיו |
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אָח: brother |
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כִּי־ |
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כִּי: surely, that |
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אֹתוֹ |
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אֵת: Notice the emphatic position in this part of the verse. It is
placed before the verb rather than the more usual place following both the
verb and subject. |
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אָהַב |
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אהב: love |
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אֲבִיהֶם |
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אָב: father |
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מִ |
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מִן: from |
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כָּל־ |
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כֹּל: all |
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אֶחָיו |
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אָח: brother |
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וַ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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יִּשְׂנְאוּ |
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שׂנא: hate |
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אֹתוֹ |
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אֵת: |
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וְ |
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ו: so, then, and consecutive that so that so,
then |
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לֹא |
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לֹא: no, not |
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יָכְלוּ |
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יכל: be able Of the consonants in this word, it is
sure that the cluster lk is part of the root. The shureq at the end of the verb indicates
the 3 c. pl. The potentially ambiguous component is the initial y" It could be part
of the root of a Qal affix (4.2 and 8.1) But perhaps you are thinking,
“hollow verb in the Qal prefix” (6.1). it may help
to remember that in a hollow verb, Qal prefix (without vav conversive), the
middle root letter will appear. |
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דַּבְּרוֹ |
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דּבר: speak The root, stem and suffix are familiar. What vowel would you expect under
the first root letter if this were a Piel affix? (15.4). There are two Piel
forms which take patach under the first root letter. One is the imperative
(19.2a). The other is the Piel infinitive Which form makes more sense here? |
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לְ |
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ל: to, for, in regard to direction towards
reference to |
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שָׁלֹם |
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שָׁלוֹם: completeness, soundness, welfare, peace This is an example of yet another use of the
preposition l in front of a noun. Some English translations
have it give the noun an adverbial sense. |
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